What is a cubic yard?
A cubic yard is a block of material 3 feet long, 3 feet wide and 3 feet deep, which is 27 cubic feet. Landscape suppliers, quarries and concrete companies in the US sell bulk soil, mulch, gravel, sand and concrete by the cubic yard, often just called "a yard".
How to calculate cubic yards
- Measure the length and width of the area in feet.
- Decide how deep the material should be, in inches.
- Convert the depth to feet by dividing by 12.
- Multiply length × width × depth to get cubic feet.
- Divide by 27 to get cubic yards.
Worked example
A garden bed is 10 feet by 12 feet and needs 3 inches of new soil on top. That is 10 × 12 × (3 ÷ 12) = 30 cubic feet, and 30 ÷ 27 = 1.11 cubic yards. Adding 5% extra, order about 1.17 yards, which most suppliers would round to 1.25 or 1.5 yards.
Coverage of one cubic yard
| Depth | Area covered |
|---|---|
| 1 inch | 324 sq ft |
| 2 inches | 162 sq ft |
| 3 inches | 108 sq ft |
| 4 inches | 81 sq ft |
| 6 inches | 54 sq ft |
| 12 inches | 27 sq ft |
Tips before you order
- For odd-shaped areas, split them into rectangles and circles, work out each one, and add them.
- Loose soil and compost settle after watering, so add a little extra for raised beds.
- Ask about the delivery minimum and fee. Sometimes a slightly larger order costs about the same delivered.
- Need tons instead? Use the gravel calculator. Buying bags? Try the mulch calculator.
Last reviewed October 2026.